Shokufeh Hasanvand; Ali Khatibjoo; Hassan Shizadi; Yahya Mohamadi; Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi; Drakhshanda Rahimhi
Volume 25, Issue 3 , October 2023, , Pages 325-341
Abstract
Introduction: Exposure of poultry birds to extreme temperature stressor modulates the immune responsiveness and haemato-biochemical parameters of birds. Cold temperature can increase ascites susceptibility by increasing both metabolic oxygen requirements and pulmonary hypertension. Biochar is an ash ...
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Introduction: Exposure of poultry birds to extreme temperature stressor modulates the immune responsiveness and haemato-biochemical parameters of birds. Cold temperature can increase ascites susceptibility by increasing both metabolic oxygen requirements and pulmonary hypertension. Biochar is an ash substance that is produced from the burning of biological material via pyrolysis. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of wet Litter Biochar on performance of cold-stressed broiler chickens.
Material and Methods: In this experiment, the effect of wet litter biochar (WLB), probiotic and zeolite on performance, blood metabolites and small intestine morphology of broiler chickens reared under cold stress were investigated. In a completely randomized design 350 Ross-308 broiler chickens (one-day-old, mixed sexes) were allocated to seven treatments, five replicates and 10 birds in each replicate. Experimental treatments included: 1) positive control (basal diet in recommended temperature), 2) negative control (basal diet+ cold stress), 3) negative control+ %0.5 WLB, 4) negative control+ %0.75 WLB, 5) negative control+ 1% WLB, 6) negative control+ 0.02% probiotic Ecobacto-P, and 7) negative control+ 1% zeolite. In cold stress groups, house temperature decreased to 17° C from 7 d until end of the experiment (42 d).
Results and Discussion: As compared to group reared in recommended house, cold stress significantly decreased broiler chickens feed intake, body weight gain (BWG), carcass and abdominal fat percentages, serum triglyceride concentration, activity of aspartate transaminase and alanine aminotransferase enzymes as well as villous width of jejunum and ileum while increased total and ascitic mortality, ileal and jejunal villous height and crypt depth to villous length ratio (P<0.05). Inclusion of 0.5 and 1% WLB and probiotic increased broiler chickens BWG, ileal and jejunal villous length and surface area, but decreased feed conversion ratio as compared to negative control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Generally, although addition of wet litter biochar and probiotic led to improvement in performance and small intestine morphometry of cold-stressed broiler chickens, but they did not completely catch-up negative effects of cold stress on broiler chickens.
Drakhshanda Rahimhi; i Hossein Mansoori Yarahmad; Akbar Yaghobfar; Jafar Fakhraei
Volume 22, Issue 1 , March 2020, , Pages 117-128
Abstract
For carry out of this study we used 560 Ross 308 (mixed sex) broiler chickens, in a completely randomized design with seven t reatments, four replicates and 20 chickens per each replicate. Experimental treatments were: control (no additive), diets containing levels of 400 and 500 mg/kg Satureja ...
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For carry out of this study we used 560 Ross 308 (mixed sex) broiler chickens, in a completely randomized design with seven t reatments, four replicates and 20 chickens per each replicate. Experimental treatments were: control (no additive), diets containing levels of 400 and 500 mg/kg Satureja essential oil, diets containing levels of two and four percent garlic powder and diets containing levels of five and 10 percent clover leaf powder. The results of this study showed that weight gain of birds that fed with diets containing Satureja khuzistanica essential oil, garlic and clover leaf powder was less than the control birds (P<0/05) across the trial period. Experimental treatments had no significant effect on serum concentration of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL and percentage of dry matter and crude protein of breast muscle. Also, according to different holding times of breast muscle in the freezer (0, 24 and 48 hours), experimental treatments had no significant effect on the amount of MDA and free N at 24 and 48 hours after freezing. According to the results, using of Satureja essential oil, garlic and clover leaf powder at levels investigated in this study, do not have a significant effect on the performance and the antioxidant potential of breast muscle to modulate lipid per oxidation. Therefore, further studies are needed to evaluate the effectivness and active constituents of these nutrients and ensure their properties.